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Showing 1 - 39Ramucirumab Plus Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer, NSCLC, and Urothelial Carcinoma
Results from a phase IB trial expansion stage reported in The Lancet Oncology by Herbst et al showed the combination of ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab had manageable toxicity and antitumor activity in previously treated advanced gastroesophageal cancer, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and ...
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Advanced HER2-Positive Gastric and Breast Cancers
Two phase I studies reported in The Lancet Oncology indicate activity of the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan in advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer and advanced HER2-positive breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a) is a ...
Perioperative Therapy With FLOT vs ECF/ECX in Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma
In the German phase II/III FLOT4 trial reported in The Lancet, Al-Batran et al found that perioperative therapy with the docetaxel-based triplet FLOT (fluorouracil [5-FU]/leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) was associated with improved overall survival vs ECF/ECX (epirubicin and cisplatin plus...
Paclitaxel or Cisplatin Plus Fluorouracil in Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In the Chinese phase III ESO-Shanghai 1 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chen et al found that paclitaxel plus fluorouracil did not significantly prolong overall survival vs standard cisplatin plus fluorouracil in definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for locally...
Addition of First-Line Ramucirumab to Cisplatin and Fluoropyrimidine in Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
In the phase III RAINFALL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fuchs et al found no apparent benefit of the addition of the VEGFR-2 inhibitor ramucirumab to first-line cisplatin and fluoropyrimidine treatment in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Study Details The...
Hybrid Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy vs Open Esophagectomy in Esophageal Cancer
In a French phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Mariette et al found that a hybrid minimally invasive surgical procedure was associated with reduced postoperative complications vs transthoracic open esophagectomy in patients with resectable cancer of the middle or lower ...
Pembrolizumab in Pretreated Advanced Esophageal Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Carcinoma
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Shah et al, the phase II KEYNOTE-180 trial has shown that pembrolizumab produces durable responses in some patients with pretreated locally advanced or metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. Study Details In the trial, 121 patients with...
Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab Plus Chemotherapy in HER2-Positive, Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Tabernero et al, the phase III JACOB trial showed no significant overall survival benefit of adding pertuzumab (Perjeta) to trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus chemotherapy in first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction...
Immunotherapy in Advanced Esophagogastric Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Janjigian et al, the phase I/II CheckMate-032 study has shown activity of nivolumab (Opdivo) and nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) in advanced esophagogastric cancer. In the esophagogastric cohort of the multicohort study, 160 patients (who...
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yang et al found that adding neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to surgery improved survival in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Study Details In the open-label trial, 451 patients with potentially...
Second-Line Pembrolizumab vs Paclitaxel in Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Shitara et al, the phase III KEYNOTE-061 trial showed no significant overall survival benefit with pembrolizumab vs paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer progressing on platinum-fluoropyrimidine treatment with programmed cell...
Postoperative Chemotherapy vs Chemoradiotherapy in Resectable Gastric Cancer
In the Scandinavian phase III CRITICS trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cats et al found no benefit of postoperative chemoradiotherapy vs chemotherapy among patients with gastric cancer who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Compliance with postoperative regimens was poor in both groups....
Anti–PD-1 Immunotherapy in Previously Treated Gastric Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Fuchs et al, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) showed activity in patients with previously treated advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer in the phase II KEYNOTE-059 trial. Study Details In the study, 259 patients from sites in 16 countries who had disease...
Quality of Life With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal/Esophagogastric Junction Cancer
An analysis in the Dutch Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) reported by Noordman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology showed no adverse effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs surgery alone on postsurgery health-related quality of life in patients with ...
Immunotherapy in Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Doi et al, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) showed activity in patients with previously treated advanced esophageal carcinoma in the phase Ib multicohort KEYNOTE-028 study. Study Details In the study, eligible patients with squamous cell carcinoma or...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy vs Observation After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Resection in Gastroesophageal Cancer
In a propensity score–matched analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Mokdad et al found that adjuvant chemotherapy had a survival benefit vs observation after preoperative chemoradiotherapy and resection in patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer. Study Details The study...
Prolonged and Intensified Neoadjuvant Therapy for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
A UK phase III trial (UK MRC OE05) has shown no significant survival benefit of extended and intensified neoadjuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine vs standard cisplatin/fluorouracil followed by resection in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. The findings were...
Addition of Cetuximab to Concurrent Chemoradiation in Esophageal Cancer
The phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 0436 trial has shown no survival benefit of adding cetuximab (Erbitux) to paclitaxel/cisplatin and radiation therapy in patients with esophageal cancer treated without surgery. These results were reported by Suntharalingam et al in JAMA Oncology. Study Details In...
High-Dose First-Line Trastuzumab Maintenance in Metastatic HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Shah et al, the phase IIIB HELOISE trial has shown no survival benefit of high-dose vs standard trastuzumab (Herceptin) maintenance plus chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma....
Association of EGFR Copy Number Gain and Outcome With Gefitinib in Advanced Esophageal Cancer
As reported by Petty et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, analysis of outcomes in the UK phase III Cancer Esophagus Gefitinib trial showed an overall survival benefit with second-line gefitinib (Iressa) in patients with advanced esophageal cancer who had epidermal growth factor receptor...
Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine vs Taxane in HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer
The adaptive phase II/III GATSBY trial has shown no survival difference between ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) vs taxane treatment in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Results were reported by Thuss-Patience et...
Japanese Phase II Trial of Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a Japanese phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kudo et al found that nivolumab (Opdivo) had activity in heavily pretreated patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Study Details In the study, with enrollment between February and November 2014, 65 patients...
Adding Bevacizumab to Perioperative Chemotherapy in Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma
In the UK Medical Research Council ST03 phase II/III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cunningham et al found that adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to perioperative chemotherapy did not improve survival in patients with operable esophagogastric cancer and may have been associated with impaired...
CAP/ASCP/ASCO Guideline on HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision-Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma
As reported by Angela N. Bartley, MD, of St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the College of American Pathologists (CAP), the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), and ASCO have released a guideline on HER2 testing and clinical...
Higher Complete Pathologic Regression Rate With Neoadjuvant Docetaxel- vs Epirubicin-Based Triplets in Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
In the phase II portion of a German phase II/III trial (FLOT4) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Al-Batran et al found that preoperative docetaxel-based vs anthracycline-based triplet therapy produced a higher complete histopathologic regression rate in patients with resectable gastric or...
Proton Pump Inhibitors Seem to Reduce the Efficacy of Capecitabine in Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer
In a secondary analysis of a clinical trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Chu et al found that use of proton pump inhibitors (gastric acid suppressants) reduced the effectiveness of oral capecitabine in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer. The study involved analysis of the effect of...
Meta-analysis Identifies New Genetic Variants for Barrett’s Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gharahkhani et al identified several new genetic risk variants for the development of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma through a large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide studies. Study Details The study involved a meta-analysis of four...
Comparison of Chemotherapy Regimens in Metastatic Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, leucovorin, fluorouracil [5-FU]) seems to be a safer and more reliable regimen than ECF (epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-FU) and irinotecan/cisplatin as a backbone for treatment in future studies of metastatic esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancers. This finding from the...
Possible Overuse of PET to Detect Recurrence of Lung and Esophageal Cancers
Healy et al found that greater use of positron-emission tomography (PET) for detection of recurrence of lung and esophageal cancers was not associated with improved survival, suggesting potential overuse of the modality in this setting. They reported their results in the Journal of the National...
Swedish Study Shows Association of Survival Gain With Increased Surgeon Experience in Patients Undergoing Esophagectomy for Cancer
Increased surgeon experience was associated with markedly better short- and long-term survival in patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, according to a report by Markar et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details The study involved data from 1,821 patients who...
Similar Survival With Salvage Surgery After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy vs Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Esophagectomy in Esophageal Cancer
In a retrospective European study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Markar et al found that salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy was associated with similar survival outcomes vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by planned esophagectomy in treatment of...
Long-Term Results of Dutch CROSS Trial Indicate Continued Survival Benefit With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer
Initial results of the Dutch phase III CROSS trial showed a significant 5-year overall survival benefit with the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to surgery after a median 45-month follow-up in patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or esophagogastric...
Substantial Benefit of Intensive Surveillance Following Bimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sudo et al found that many patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy (bimodality therapy) for esophageal cancer can derive substantial survival benefit from subsequent salvage surgery, supporting a practice of intensive...
Tumor Downstaging After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Strongly Predicts Improved Outcome After Surgery in Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancer
In a European analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Davies et al found that pathologic tumor downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was the strongest independent predictor of overall survival in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal and esophagogastric junction...
French Phase III Trial Shows No Benefit of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Stage I and II Esophageal Cancer
The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in early-stage esophageal cancer is not clear. In the phase III FFCD 9901 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mariette et al found that neoadjuvant chemoradiation including fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin did not improve R0...
Adding Rilotumumab to First-Line Chemotherapy May Benefit Patients With Advanced Gastric or Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor MET have been found to promote the proliferation, migration, and survival of tumor cells and to play a role in gastric cancer. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Iveson et al found evidence of benefit from adding the anti-HGF...
No Overall Survival Improvement but Some Palliative Benefit With Gefitinib vs Placebo in Esophageal Cancer Progressing After Chemotherapy
In what may be the first randomized trial of systemic therapy in this setting, Dutton and colleagues evaluated gefitinib (Iressa) vs placebo in patients with esophageal cancer progressing after chemotherapy. As reported in The Lancet Oncology, the COG trial showed no survival benefit with gefitinib ...
Irradiated Stents Prolong Survival and Reduce Dysphagia Compared With Conventional Stents as Palliative Treatment in Unresectable Esophageal Cancer
In a single-blind phase III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhu et al compared the use of 125iodine seed–loaded vs conventional covered stents along with single high-dose brachytherapy as palliative treatment in patients with unresectable esophageal cancer. Use of the irradiated stents ...
Radiofrequency Ablation Reduces Risk of High-Grade Dysplasia and Adenocarcinoma vs Endoscopic Surveillance in Patients With Barrett’s Esophagus
Barrett’s esophagus with low-grade dysplasia increases risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. In a European study reported in JAMA, Phoa et al assessed whether endoscopic radiofrequency ablation reduced the rate of neoplastic progression compared with endoscopic surveillance in patients with...
