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Ryan Huey, MD, on the Financial Toxicity of Early-Phase Clinical Trials
Ryan Huey, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses his findings that showed the large financial burden on lower-income patients enrolled in phase I trials (Abstract 8).
Karen M. Winkfield, MD, PhD, on Policy and Business Solutions to Address Disparities in Cancer Care
Karen M. Winkfield, MD, PhD, of the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, discusses cultural factors that contribute to cancer care disparities, the role of national policy in addressing inequities in access to care, and what local institutions can do to improve the situation.
Racial Reporting and Representation in Oncology Trials
New research published by Loree et al in JAMA Oncology found that race and race subgroup analysis reporting does not occur frequently and that black and Hispanic populations are underrepresented in oncology trials that have led to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals. The study raises...
Obesity-Associated Cancers and Age Demographics
A study published by Koroukian et al in JAMA Network Open found that from 2000 to 2016, incident obesity-associated cancers were increasingly found in younger age groups. The authors suggest that interventions are needed to reduce obesity and to implement individualized screening programs. The...
Relationship Between Sleep Apnea and Cancer Risk in Women
Women with severe sleep apnea appear to also have an elevated risk of developing cancer, according to findings from a study by Pataka et al in the European Respiratory Journal. No causal relationship was demonstrated, but a link between nocturnal hypoxia in women and higher cancer risk was...
Single-Institution Study of Next-Generation Sequencing Outcomes in Patients With Cancer
In a single-institution retrospective study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Davis and colleagues found that next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests resulted in changes in management in a small proportion of patients with cancer. Study Details The study involved retrospective review...
Age Disparities Among Patients in Cancer Clinical Trials and Patients With Cancer in the General Population
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Ludmir et al found that the median age of patients with common cancers enrolled in clinical trials was substantially lower than the median age of patients with the same cancers in the general population. Age disparity was greater in industry-funded trials....
Outcomes Among Older HIV-Positive Patients With Cancer in the United States
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Coghill et al found that outcomes are often worse among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients aged 65 years or older with cancer vs HIV-negative patients with cancer, after adjustment for the first courses of treatment. In the study,...
Access to Care and Quality of Life Among Sexual Minority Cancer Survivors
In a study published by Boehmer et al in Cancer, researchers found access to care among sexual minority cancer survivors was lacking. Moreover, sexual minority women with poor access to care, in particular, had a worse quality of life. Methods Researchers performed a secondary analysis of 4...
Cancer in Adults Aged 85 and Older: Rates, Screening, and Survival
A new report published by DeSantis et al in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians examined cancer statistics in adults 85 and older and found incidence and mortality trends are generally similar to those in people aged 65 to 84 years, but disease screening rates are unexpectedly high and survival is...
Patient vs Provider Views on Goals and Adverse Effects of Cancer Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Duckworth et al found that many patients with cancer had more optimistic treatment goals vs their physicians and that patients who did not understand adverse effects associated with treatment had higher distress scores. As stated by the...
Androgen-Deprivation Therapy May Increase Risk for QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes
In a study published by Salem et al in Circulation, researchers examined how several testosterone-blocking drugs commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer affect the heart's QT interval. The longer a QT interval—typically measured by an electrocardiogram—the more at risk a ...
Psychological Stress and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Patients With Cervical Cancer
Results from a large cohort study showed that psychological stress is associated with increased cancer-specific mortality among women with cervical cancer, independent of tumor characteristics and treatment modality. The findings support the integration of psychological screening and intervention...
Global Burden of Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer in 2017
A recent analysis looked at the global burden of pediatric cancer through the lens of years of affected and lost life. This work shows a much greater burden of childhood cancer, placed largely in low- and middle-income countries, than previous estimates. The findings were published in The Lancet...
Survey Finds Majority of Americans Are Unfamiliar With Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Nearly-three quarters of Americans are not familiar with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, the second most common type of cancer in the United States, according to a new survey conducted by The Harris Poll on behalf of The Skin Cancer Foundation. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is more common...
WHO Releases Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic
Many governments are making progress in the fight against tobacco, with 5 billion people today living in countries that have introduced smoking bans, warnings on packaging, and other effective tobacco control measures—four times more people than a decade ago. However, a new World Health...
Abdominal Fat and Mortality in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
For patients with colorectal cancer, new research shows a clearer connection than previously known between fat deposits in certain areas of the body and higher rates of death from all causes within 7 years of cancer diagnosis. These findings were published by Brown et al in the Journal of the...
Deep Natural Language Processing of Oncology Radiology Reports
Scientists have demonstrated that an artificial intelligence (AI) tool can perform as well as human reviewers—and much more rapidly—in extracting clinical information regarding changes in tumors from unstructured radiology reports for patients with lung cancer. These findings were...
Clinical Deterioration Among Patients Hospitalized at a Tertiary Cancer Hospital
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Lyons et al found that transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) or on-ward death occurred in 9% of admissions to cancer wards at an urban tertiary cancer hospital. Investigators identified factors associated with clinical deterioration...
FDA Requests Manufacturer Recall of Some Textured Breast Implants
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested that Allergan, the manufacturer of a specific type of textured breast implant, recall specific models of its textured implants from the U.S. market due to the risk of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)....
Study Looks at Effect of Parenthood, Gender on Conference Attendance and Early Career Satisfaction
For oncologists in the beginning of their careers, scientific conferences present an opportunity to network, share research, gain new knowledge, and advance in their career. However, many women find themselves skipping these conferences because of family obligations, a new research letter published ...
Rates of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis in Adults Younger Than Age 50
A new study published by Virostko et al in Cancer found that the proportion of adults diagnosed with colorectal cancer under age 50 in the United States has continued to increase over the past decade, and younger adults are diagnosed with more advanced disease. To determine recent trends in...
Association Between ADT for Prostate Cancer and Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease or Dementia in Older Patients
In a report published by Jayadevappa et al in JAMA Network Open, researchers found that among older patients with prostate cancer, treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was associated with a subsequent diagnosis of Alzheimer disease or dementia over a follow-up period of at least 10...
Poorer Outcomes for Patients With Lung Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy During Disaster-Level Hurricanes
Patients who experienced a disaster-level hurricance during radiotherapy for lung cancer had worse overall survival than those who completed treatment in normal circumstances, with longer disaster declarations associated with increasingly worse survival. These findings come from a...
Fragility Analysis of Phase III Trials Supporting FDA Approval of Anticancer Drugs
In an analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Del Paggio and Tannock found that many phase III trials supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of anticancer drugs have a low fragility index—a measure of how many people in a study would have had to have a different outcome ...
Rise in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Not Fully Aligned With Screening Trends
A new study finds that trends in colonoscopy rates did not fully align with recent increases in colorectal cancer incidence in younger adults. The findings were published by Fedewa et al in the Journal of Medical Screening. Colorectal cancer incidence rates are declining in adults older than...
Incidence of Olaratumab Infusion-Related Reactions
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Van Tine et al found that infusion-related reactions occurred in 14.4% of patients receiving olaratumab in clinical trials, with grade ≥ 3 events occurring in 2.3%. (Olaratumab was withdrawn from the global market on April 25, 2019, based...
Receipt of Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Perception of Patient Choice
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wallner et al found that many patients with differentiated thyroid cancer reported feeling they had no choice in receipt of radioactive iodine treatment. As stated by the investigators, “For many patients with differentiated thyroid...
Economic Burden of Cancer in the United States in 2015
There were more than 8.7 million person-years of life lost and $94.4 billion in earnings lost due to cancer among people aged 16 to 84 in the United States in 2015. The calculation comes from a new report published by Islami et al in JAMA Oncology. Cancer is the second-leading cause of death...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Immune-Related Adverse Events
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Simonaggio et al found that rechallenge with an immune checkpoint inhibitor after occurrence of immune-related adverse events was associated with occurrence of an immune-related adverse event in approximately half of patients, with no increase in severity....
Does Centralization of High-Risk Cancer Surgery in Hospital Systems Improve Outcomes?
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sheetz et al identified the degree of centralization of high-risk cancer surgeries within hospital systems and found improved short-term outcomes with increased centralization among Medicare patients. Study Details The study involved...
Does Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Increase the Risk of Cancer Mortality?
Findings from a study of patients who received radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism show a modest association between the dose of treatment and long-term risk of death from solid cancers, including breast cancer. The study, led by researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), was...
Benefit Seen With Targeted Therapies in Elderly and Medically Complex Patients With Metastatic RCC
Many elderly and medically complex patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC)—who are often underrepresented in clinical trials—saw overall survival benefits from treatment with targeted therapies, according to a study that analyzed 13 years of data on Medicare patients...
ESMO World GI 2019: Incidence of Gastric Cancer in Younger Individuals
The incidence of gastric cancer has been increasing in younger individuals, and those under 40 with chronic digestive symptoms should be more actively investigated. These findings follow new data from a retrospective, observational study in Mexico, which showed that 1 in 7 of over 2,000...
Frequency, Complications, and Costs of Diagnostic and Postprogression Biopsies in NSCLC
In a retrospective study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Kelly et al identified the frequency of diagnostic and postprogression biopsies, complication rates, and associated costs in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study involved patient data from the...
Do Statins Lower the Risk of Cardiovascular Complications in Patients Treated With Radiotherapy to the Chest, Neck, or Head?
Patients with cancer who took cholesterol-lowering statin medication following radiation therapy of the chest, neck, or head had significantly reduced risk of suffering a stroke—and possibly other cardiovascular complications—according to research published by Boulet et al in...
Implementation of Minimum Hospital Volume Standards Could Impact Ovarian Cancer Surgical Care
Limiting ovarian cancer surgery to high-volume hospitals could improve survival but may also reduce access for many rural and underserved patients, a study from researchers at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons has found. The findings were published by Wright et al...
Leading Organizations Call on Congress to Help Eliminate HPV-Related Cancers
Today, the American Association for Cancer Research, Moffitt Cancer Center, and Biden Cancer Initiative hosted a congressional briefing titled “Let’s End HPV-Related Cancers” in Washington, DC. In conjunction with this briefing, leading health organizations and...
Transition to Outpatient Infusional EPOCH-Based Chemotherapy at a Safety Net Hospital
In a report published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Keshvani et al found that transitioning from inpatient to outpatient ambulatory infusional EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin)-based chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma at a safety net hospital...
Exposure to Specific Carcinogens and Prostate Cancer Risk Among World Trade Center First Responders
Since the attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, studies have shown an increased risk of several cancers—including multiple myeloma and prostate, head and neck, and thyroid cancers—among first responders to the scene. The results from a new study by Gong et al...
Study Finds Primary Care Providers Are Engaged in Cancer Survivorship Care but Report Barriers to Optimal Care Delivery
A new study published by McDonough et al in the Journal of Oncology Practice found that while primary care physicians are often involved in cancer survivorship care, many do not feel adequately prepared for key components of it. The study shared the results of a survey of 117...
AACR Environmental Carcinogenesis: Silicone-Based Wristbands for Detection of Occupational Environmental Exposures for Firefighters
First responders such as paramedics and firefighters may be exposed to hazardous occupational environmental exposures, but linking these exposures to conditions such as cancers is difficult due to the latency period of disease, magnitude of potential exposure, and potential interactions of...
AACR Environmental Carcinogenesis: Lowering Exposure to Nitrates in Drinking Water May Reduce U.S. Cancer Cases
Nitrate levels in water resources have increased in many areas of the world, largely due to the use of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure in agricultural areas. Research has shown that the risk of specific cancers and birth defects may be increased when nitrate is ingested under conditions that ...
AACR Environmental Carcinogenesis: Study Finds Environmental Quality Linked With Distant/Metastatic Breast Cancer Risk
Although many risk factors increase a woman’s chance of developing breast cancer—including genetic and hormonal causes—there is increasing evidence suggesting an environmental link. A study investigating the effects of the cumulative environmental quality on aggressive breast...
Radiotherapy Increases Adverse Cardiovascular Event Risk for Patients With Lung Cancer
A new retrospective study led by investigators from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute examined outcomes for patients after receiving treatment for locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), finding that the average radiation dose delivered to the...
U.S. Cancer Survivors Numbered Nearly 17 Million at the Start of 2019
There were more than 16.9 million Americans with a history of cancer on January 1, 2019, and that number is projected to reach more than 22.1 million by 2030 based on the growth and aging of the population alone, according to estimates from Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Statistics, 2019....
Patient Perceptions of Management of Cancer-Related Pain, Fatigue, and Emotional Distress in Community Oncology Centers
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smith et al found that a high proportion of patients in community cancer centers did not report discussing, getting advice, or receiving desired help for cancer-related pain, fatigue, or emotional distress. The study involved surveys of...
Survival Improvements for AYA Survivors Undermined by Late-Stage Diagnosis, Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities
The 2006 publication of the National Cancer Institute’s report Closing the Gap: Research and Care Imperatives for Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer highlighted the lack of improvement in cancer survival among people between the ages of 15 and 39 compared to children and older adults...
Clinical Outcomes of Incidental Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With Cancer
In an international prospective cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kraaijpoel et al found that incidental pulmonary embolism in patients with cancer is associated with substantial risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism, despite anticoagulant treatment. Study Details The...
Medicaid Expansion and Colorectal Cancer Screening
A new study examining Medicaid expansion and cancer screening found that the five states and District of Columbia that first adopted Medicaid expansion saw larger increases in colorectal cancer screening than states that did not expand Medicaid. The study—published by Fedewa et al in...
