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Showing 1 - 50Features on Restaging MRI Associated With Local Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Treatment in Low Rectal Cancer
In a retrospective analysis reported in JAMA Surgery, Ogura et al found that persistently enlarged nodes in the internal iliac compartment on restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation or radiation therapy for low rectal cancer were associated with high risk of...
Maintenance Panitumumab vs Panitumumab/Fluorouracil/Leucovorin in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In an Italian phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Pietrantonio et al found that maintenance panitumumab alone was inferior in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) compared to maintenance panitumumab plus fluorouracil/leucovorin in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Study Details ...
ReDOS: Regorafenib Dose-Escalation Strategy in Refractory Advanced Colorectal Cancer
In the phase II ReDOS trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bekaii-Saab et al found that a regorafenib dose-escalation strategy compared favorably with standard dosing in regard to toxicity profile and activity in patients with refractory advanced colorectal cancer. Study...
Impact of Consensus Molecular Subtype on Outcome in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Innocenti et al found that consensus molecular subtype of colorectal cancers was highly prognostic for outcomes in patients receiving first-line treatment for advanced disease in the phase III CALGB/SWOG 80405/Alliance trial. CALGB/SWOG...
IMblaze370: Atezolizumab With or Without Cobimetinib vs Regorafenib in Previously Treated Advanced Colorectal Cancer
In the phase III IMblaze370 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Eng et al found no survival benefit with third-line atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib vs regorafenib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Study Details The open-label trial included 363...
Primary Surgery Outcomes in MRI-Based ‘Good-Prognosis’ Rectal Cancer
In a Canadian phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Kennedy et al found a low rate of positive circumferential resection margins after primary surgery in patients with rectal cancer considered to have a ‘good prognosis’ based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria. As...
BEACON Colorectal Cancer Trial: Safety Lead-in With Triplet Therapy for BRAF V600E–Mutant Metastatic Disease
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Van Cutsem et al, treatment with encorafenib, binimetinib, and cetuximab for BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer was associated with a manageable safety profile and evidence of activity in the safety lead-in to the phase III BEACON ...
Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab in HER2-Amplified Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Meric-Bernstam et al, the combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab showed activity in HER2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer in the phase IIa multiple basket study MyPathway. The study is evaluating activity of targeted therapies in nonindicated tumor...
Effect of Microsatellite Instability and Tumor Mutational Burden on Outcome in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In an analysis of the phase III CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Innocenti et al found that tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability status affected overall survival in patients receiving first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or cetuximab for...
Opioid Use Among Older Survivors of Colorectal, Lung, and Breast Cancers
In a linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and Medicare study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Salz et al found that chronic opioid use varied by cancer among older cancer survivors. By 6 years after diagnosis, survivors were no more likely to be chronic opioid users...
Watch-and-Wait Strategy for Rectal Cancer With Complete Clinical Response After Neoadjuvant Therapy
In a single-center retrospective case series analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Smith et al found that a watch-and-wait approach was associated with a high rate of rectal preservation and pelvic tumor control in patients with rectal cancer with complete clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy,...
Polymorphisms in Pattern Recognition Receptors as Predictors of Oxaliplatin Benefit in Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Gray et al found that constitutional loss of function single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the pattern recognition receptors FPR1, TLR3, and TLR4 were not associated with preferential benefit of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer. As...
Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Aspirin in Preventing Colorectal Adenomas
In a UK trial (seAFOod Polyp Prevention) reported in The Lancet by Hull et al, no differences in adenoma prevention were found after treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), aspirin, both, or placebo in patients with high-risk findings on colonoscopy. On the...
Primary Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Misdiagnosis of MSI or dMMR Status
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Cohen et al found evidence that primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) can be explained in some cases by misdiagnosis of microsatellite instability (MSI) or defective mismatch repair (dMMR) status....
Multimodality Therapy and Lateral Local Recurrence in Rectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ogura et al found that lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) reduced the risk of lateral local recurrence in patients with lateral nodes ≥ 7 mm undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiation or radiation and total mesorectal excision in clinical...
Sequential vs Combination Fluoropyrimidine, Irinotecan, and Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a German phase III noninferiority trial (XELAVIRI) reported by Modest et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, noninferiority of first-line sequential vs combination fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, and bevacizumab (Avastin) was not demonstrated in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Benefit of...
Pre- and Postdiagnosis Diet and Risk of Mortality in Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Guinter et al found that better prediagnosis and postdiagnosis dietary patterns were associated with improved overall and colorectal cancer–specific survival among patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Study Details The...
Dutch Study of Postoperative Outcomes With Screening- vs Nonscreening-Detected Colon and Rectal Cancers
In a Dutch study reported in JAMA Surgery, de Neree tot Babberich et al found that postoperative outcomes were better in patients with colon cancer, but not rectal cancer, detected vs not detected through the national fecal immunochemical test–based screening program. Study ...
First-Line EGFR Inhibitor Plus FOLFOX4 in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the Chinese phase III TAILOR trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Qin et al found that adding the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab to FOLFOX4 (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin) improved progression-free survival in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Study...
PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome and Cancer Risks
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that patients with Lynch syndrome associated with PMS2 mutation are at increased risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers but not other cancers associated with the syndrome. As noted by the investigators, Lynch...
Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil in Advanced Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In a French phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kim et al found that treatment with docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (DCF) was active in patients with metastatic or unresectable locally recurrent anal squamous cell carcinoma. Study Details The multicenter study included 66...
Vitamin D Levels and Colorectal Cancer Risk
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, McCullough et al found reduced risk for colorectal cancer with increasing levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D). Study Details The study was an international pooling project using participant-level data from 17...
Validation of the Consensus Immunoscore for Classification of Colon Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Pagès et al, an international collaboration has validated the consensus Immunoscore for colon cancer as a predictive tool for recurrence of disease. Study Details An international consortium of 14 centers in 13 countries, led by the Society for Immunotherapy of ...
BRAF Mutations, Survival, and Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Margonis et al found that presence of a BRAF V600E mutation was associated with higher risk of recurrence and poorer overall survival among patients undergoing surgical resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Study Details The cohort study...
Profile of ERBB2/ERBB3-Mutant Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Loree et al found that ERBB2/ERBB3 mutations in colorectal cancer are associated with microsatellite instability and PIK3CA mutation. Study Details The study involved retrospective analysis of 419 patients from The University of ...
Survival Analysis for Adjuvant Chemotherapy vs Observation After Pathologic Complete Response and Resection in Rectal Cancer
In a propensity-score matching analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Polanco et al found that adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a survival benefit vs observation among patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent resection after pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant ...
Adjuvant FOLFOX or CAPOX for 3 or 6 Months in Stage II or III Colon Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sobrero et al, the Italian phase III TOSCA trial did not demonstrate noninferiority of 3 vs 6 months of adjuvant CAPOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) or FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) in relapse-free survival in stage II or...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Duration in Stage III Colon Cancer
In a preplanned pooled analysis of phase III trials reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Grothey et al did not establish noninferiority of 3 vs 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) or CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) in disease-free survival in...
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Cercek et al found evidence supporting the use of total neoadjuvant therapy as an effective option in locally advanced rectal cancer. Study Details The study involved data on 811 patients presenting with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 ...
Modified XELIRI vs FOLFIRI as Second-Line Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In an Asian phase III noninferiority trial (AXEPT) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Xu et al found that modified XELIRI (mXELIRI, capecitabine plus irinotecan) was noninferior in overall survival vs standard FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan), both given with or without bevacizumab...
Combination Immunotherapy in DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient/Microsatellite Instability–High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Overman et al, findings in the nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) cohort of the CheckMate-142 study indicate a high response rate and durable responses with the combination in previously treated patients with DNA mismatch...
Is There a Benefit of Maintenance Bevacizumab During Chemotherapy-Free Intervals in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?
As reported by Aparicio et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, a French phase III trial (PRODIGE 9) showed no benefit of maintenance bevacizumab (Avastin) during postinduction chemotherapy-free intervals in metastatic colorectal cancer. Study Details In the open-label trial, 491 patients from ...
Combination Agent in Asian Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the Asian phase III TERRA trial, trifluridine/tipiracil (Lonsurf) produced a significant improvement in overall survival vs placebo among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory or intolerant of standard chemotherapies with or without exposure to biologic therapies. These findings...
Primary Tumor Location and Outcomes in Stage III Colon Cancer According to RAS- and BRAF-Mutation Status
In a study in the PETACC-8 trial population reported in JAMA Oncology, Taieb et al found that the risk of recurrence in patients with stage III colon cancer differed for the primary tumor location according to RAS- and BRAF-mutation status. Study Details A total of 2,559 patients were...
Association of Fiber Intake After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Survival
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Song et al found that higher fiber intake after diagnosis of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer is associated with improved colorectal cancer–specific and overall survival. The benefit was also observed with a higher intake of whole grains. Study Details...
Mismatch Repair–Deficiency Testing in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Shaikh et al found that despite existing recommendations, mismatch repair (MMR)-deficiency testing is underused in patients with colorectal cancer, including younger patients. As noted by the authors, MMR deficiency is observed in up to 15% of sporadic...
Association of Tumor HER3 Expression With Treatment Outcome in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Seligmann et al found that higher tumor HER3 messenger RNA expression among patients with RAS wild-type tumors was associated with a better outcome with panitumumab (Vectibix) plus irinotecan vs irinotecan alone among patients with advanced colorectal cancer in ...
Remnant Liver Ischemia and Cancer-Specific Survival After Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases
In a single-center experience reported by Yamashita et al in JAMA Surgery, postoperative remnant liver ischemia of grade ≥ 2 was associated with worse cancer-specific survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases. Study Details The retrospective analysis included 202 patients who...
Labetuzumab Govitecan in Heavily Pretreated Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported by Dotan et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the antibody-drug conjugate labetuzumab govitecan showed antitumor activity in a phase I/II trial in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer who had received prior irinotecan therapy. The agent comprises...
Association of Systemic Inflammation and Sarcopenia With Survival in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer
Results from the C SCANS (Colorectal Cancer: Sarcopenia, Cancer, and Near-Term Survival) study indicate that prediagnosis systemic inflammation and at-diagnosis sarcopenia are associated with an increased mortality risk in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer. The findings were reported in ...
Nodal Stage Migration and Prognosis in Anal Cancer
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sekhar et al found that the increasing proportion of lymph node–positive disease associated with enhanced detection techniques has led to nodal stage migration in anal cancer, which may reduce prognostic discrimination on the basis of lymph node...
Colorectal Cancer Mortality Rates in Adults Aged 20 to 54 Years From 1970 to 2014
In a research letter to JAMA, Siegel et al reported that overall colorectal cancer mortality rates have declined in the United States between 1970 and 2014 in patients aged 20 to 54 years but increased in white persons in this age group between 2004 and 2014. Study Details In the study,...
Nivolumab in Advanced DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient or Microsatellite Instability–High Colorectal Cancer
The phase II CheckMate 142 trial has shown that nivolumab (Opdivo) produces durable responses in recurrent or metastatic DNA mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer. These study findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology by Overman...
Effect of Salvage Surgery on Survival in Recurrence After Treatment of Rectal Cancer
In a large single-center analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ikoma et al found that salvage surgery was associated with prolonged survival in patients with lung-only and liver-only recurrence but not in those with locoregional-only recurrence after preoperative chemotherapy and...
First-Line Cetuximab vs Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy in KRAS Wild-Type Advanced Colorectal Cancer
A phase III trial has shown no significant difference in overall survival with first-line cetuximab (Erbitux) vs bevacizumab (Avastin) plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer. These study findings were reported by Venook et al in JAMA. The trial...
Effect of Postdiagnosis Aspirin and Other NSAIDs on Survival in Colorectal Cancer
As reported by Hua et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, long-term survivors of colorectal cancer with KRAS wild-type tumors had improved survival with regular use of any nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) post diagnosis. The study involved data from 2,149 patients aged 18 to 74...
Non–V600 BRAF Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported by Jones et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, BRAF mutations occurring outside of codon 600 are found in a small proportion of cases of metastatic colorectal cancer and are associated with improved clinical outcome. Study Details The retrospective cohort study involved 9,643...
Surveillance and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Adenomas
A UK retrospective study showed that colonoscopic surveillance was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer among patients with removal of intermediate-risk adenomas. The study was reported in The Lancet Oncology by Atkin et al. Study Details The study involved routine lower...
Tumor CD274 (PD-L1) Expression and Survival With Aspirin Use in Colorectal Cancer
According to a study reported by Hamada et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, postdiagnosis aspirin use was associated with improved survival vs nonuse among patients with colorectal cancer who have lower, but not higher, tumor levels of CD274 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; PD-L1). Study...
Perioperative Hepatic Arterial Infusion Pump Chemotherapy After Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases
A propensity score analysis in a prospectively maintained database at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) has shown that use of perioperative hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy after complete resection of colorectal liver metastases is associated with a marked improvement in...
