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Showing 1 - 50USPSTF Recommendation on Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer
As reported in JAMA, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended risk assessment and, if indicated, genetic counseling and testing for potentially harmful BRCA1/2 mutations in women with a personal or family history of breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer or who have...
Hysterectomy-Corrected Uterine Corpus Cancer Incidence in the United States
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Clarke et al found that hysterectomy-corrected rates of uterine corpus cancer—particularly nonendometrioid subtypes—have been increasing in the United States, with racial disparities in incidence and survival being observed. In...
Post Hoc Updated Survival Analysis of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by de Boer et al, a post hoc updated survival analysis of the phase III PORTEC-3 trial has shown a significant overall survival benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with high-risk endometrial cancer. A benefit in failure-free...
Cervicovaginal Microbiome, BRCA1 Mutation Status, and Ovarian Cancer Risk
In a case-control study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nené et al found that younger women with ovarian cancer or a BRCA1 mutation without cancer were more likely to have cervicovaginal microbiota characterized by a lower (community type O) vs higher (community type L) proportion of...
GOG-0218: Final Overall Survival Results for Addition of Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer
The final overall survival analysis of the phase III GOG-0218 trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tewari et al, showed no benefit of adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy in women with newly diagnosed, incompletely resected, advanced ovarian cancer. The trial included 1,873 women...
Activity of Niraparib Plus Pembrolizumab in Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma
In a pooled analysis of the phase I/II TOPACIO/KEYNOTE-162 study reported in JAMA Oncology, Konstantinopoulos et al found evidence of activity of combined niraparib and pembrolizumab in a cohort of patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma. Study Details The analysis included 60 evaluable women...
Does Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Extend Relapse-Free Survival in Stage III or IVA Endometrial Cancer?
In the phase III GOG 258 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Matei et al found that 6 months of adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy plus radiation therapy did not improve relapse-free survival vs chemotherapy alone in stage III or IVA endometrial cancer. In the open-label...
ENGOT-OV16/NOVA: Niraparib Maintenance According to Complete or Partial Response to Platinum Chemotherapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
In an analysis of the phase III ENGOT-OV16/NOVA trial in recurrent ovarian cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, del Campo et al found that patients had clinical benefit from niraparib maintenance vs placebo irrespective of whether they had a partial response or complete response to...
TRINOVA-3: Addition of Trebananib to Carboplatin/Paclitaxel as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In a phase III trial (TRINOVA-3/ENGOT-ov2/GOG-3001) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Vergote et al found that addition of the antiangiogenic agent trebananib to carboplatin/paclitaxel did not improve progression-free survival in first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Trebananib is a...
GOG-252: Intravenous vs Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma
In the phase III NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)-252 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Walker et al found no progression-free survival benefit of postsurgical intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy vs intravenous (IV) chemotherapy, each combined with bevacizumab, in...
Treat-and-Release Emergency Department Use by Patients With Gynecologic Cancers
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Albright et al found that treat-and-release emergency department use by patients with gynecologic cancers has increased in recent years, with an increase in total cost in this population but not in average visit cost. Visits and Costs...
Adjuvant Pelvic Radiation Therapy vs Vaginal Brachytherapy Plus Chemotherapy in Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Randall et al, the phase III Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)-0249 trial showed similar outcomes with adjuvant pelvic radiation therapy vs vaginal brachytherapy plus paclitaxel/carboplatin in high-intermediate and high-risk early-stage endometrial...
KEYNOTE-158: Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Advanced Cervical Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chung et al, the phase II KEYNOTE-158 trial showed activity of pembrolizumab in previously treated programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive advanced cervical cancer. The study supported the 2018 accelerated approval of pembrolizumab in this...
Actionable Pathogenic Variants in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Breast or Ovarian Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kurian et al found that approximately one-quarter of women with breast cancer and one-third of those with ovarian cancer underwent cancer genetic testing, and that 8% to 15% of those tested had actionable pathogenic variants. Study Details...
Niraparib in Late-Line Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
In the phase II QUADRA trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moore et al found that the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor niraparib was active in fourth- or later-line treatment of ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive,...
Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
In an interim analysis of a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Makker et al found that lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab was active in advanced endometrial cancer. Study Details In the study, 54 patients from 11 sites with metastatic endometrial cancer unselected for microsatellite...
Does Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery for Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer Decrease the Risk of Surgical Complications?
In a Danish study reported in JAMA Surgery, Jørgensen et al found that the nationwide introduction of minimally invasive robotic surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer was associated with a reduction in the incidence of severe complications. The nationwide prospective cohort study...
Subsequent Primary Neoplasms in Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancers
In a UK population-based cohort study (Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bright et al found that subsequent primary neoplasms were most common in survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) breast, cervical, and testicular cancers, as well as Hodgkin...
Modeling Study of Scaled-up HPV Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Screening
In a modeling study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Simms et al detailed the preventive effects on cervical cancer that could be achieved by scaled-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical screening efforts with the aim of disease elimination. The major modeling projections are...
Does Lymphadenectomy Improve Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer?
In the international phase III LION study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Harter et al found that lymphadenectomy did not improve progression-free or overall survival vs no lymphadenectomy in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Study Details The trial enrolled 647 women with...
Two-Year Interim Analysis of Conservatively Managed Ovarian Tumors
In an interim analysis of a prospective cohort study (IOTA5) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Froyman et al found that the risk of malignancy and acute complications is low when adnexal masses with benign ultrasound findings are managed conservatively. In the study, patients with at least 1...
'Deep Learning'–Based Visual Evaluation for Cervical Cancer Screening
In an observational study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Hu et al found that an automated 'deep learning'–based visual evaluation algorithm permitted identification of cervical precancer/cancer cases with greater accuracy than other screening methods. Study Details ...
Avelumab in Recurrent or Refractory Ovarian Cancer
In phase Ib results from the JAVELIN Solid Tumor Trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Disis et al found that avelumab produced durable responses in some patients with recurrent or refractory ovarian cancer. In the study, an expansion cohort of 125 women with advanced disease who had received...
HPV Testing Using Self-Collected vs Clinician-Collected Samples for the Detection of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
In a Dutch study (IMPROVE) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Polman et al found that human papillomavirus (HPV) testing with a clinically validated polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based assay had similar accuracy using self-collected vs clinician-collected samples in detecting cervical...
Maintenance Olaparib in Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Moore et al, the phase III SOLO-1 trial has shown that maintenance with olaparib, following complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in...
Ultrasonography Findings and Risk of Ovarian Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Smith-Bindman et al found that the appearance of ovarian masses on ultrasonography was highly associated with risk of ovarian cancer in a large unselected population of women undergoing pelvic ultrasonography. Study Details The study was a nested...
Phase III Trial of Minimally Invasive vs Open Abdominal Radical Hysterectomy in Early Cervical Cancer
In a phase III trial (Laparoscopic Approach to Cervical Cancer [LACC]) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Ramirez et al found that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy was associated with poorer disease-free and overall survival vs open abdominal radical hysterectomy in women with...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Upfront Debulking Surgery in Advanced Tubo-Ovarian Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Vergote et al, a pooled analysis of individual patient data in long-term follow-ups of the phase III EORTC 55971 and CHORUS trials indicated that overall survival is similar with neoadjuvant therapy vs upfront debulking surgery in advanced tubo-ovarian cancer....
Overall Survival After Minimally Invasive Radical Hysterectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer
In a cohort study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Melamed et al found that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy was associated with poorer overall survival compared with open radical hysterectomy in women with early-stage cervical cancer. Study Details The study involved...
Five-Year Risk of Cervical Precancer With p16/Ki67 Dual-Stain or Cytology Triage in HPV-Positive Women
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Clarke et al found that triage with p16/Ki-67 dual-stain testing (DS) was associated with better risk stratification for cervical precancer than Papanicolaou cytology testing over 5 years among human papilloma virus (HPV)–positive women. Study Details...
Analgesic Use and Risk of Ovarian Cancer
In an analysis of data from two Nurses’ Health Study cohorts reported in JAMA Oncology by Barnard et al, use of low-dose but not standard-dose aspirin was associated with reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer, whereas use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Grade Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hensley et al, a phase III NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study assessing adjuvant chemotherapy vs observation in disease-free patients with uterus-confined high-grade leiomyosarcoma was stopped due to accrual futility; available data...
PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome and Cancer Risks
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that patients with Lynch syndrome associated with PMS2 mutation are at increased risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers but not other cancers associated with the syndrome. As noted by the investigators, Lynch...
Near-Infrared Fluorescence With Indocyanine Green Dye vs Isosulfan Blue Dye for Detecting Sentinel Nodes in Gynecologic Cancers
In the phase III FILM study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Frumovitz et al found that near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green dye identified more sentinel nodes vs isosulfan blue dye in women with clinical stage I endometrial or cervical cancer undergoing curative surgery. There ...
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on Screening for Cervical Cancer
As reported in JAMA, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has updated its 2012 recommendations on screening for cervical cancer. Key Recommendations The key USPSTF recommendations on screening are as follows: The USPSTF recommends screening for cervical cancer every 3 years with...
Adding Sorafenib to Topotecan in Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In a German phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chekerov et al found that the addition of sorafenib (Nexavar) to topotecan improved progression-free survival in women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Study Details In the multicenter investigator-initiated double-blind trial,...
Definitive Pelvic Radiation Therapy Plus Chemotherapy and Survival in Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Cervical Cancer
In a study using National Cancer Database data reported in JAMA Oncology, Wang et al found that definitive pelvic radiation therapy plus chemotherapy was associated with improved survival vs chemotherapy alone in newly diagnosed metastatic cervical cancer. The study included data from 3,169...
Apatinib and Oral Etoposide in Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Ovarian Cancer
In a Chinese single-center phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lan et al found a high response rate with oral apatinib plus oral etoposide in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Study Details The study included 35 patients with progression within 6 months...
Use of Analgesics and Ovarian Cancer–Specific Survival
In a prospective cohort study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Merritt et al found evidence that recent use of aspirin or nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after diagnosis appears to improve ovarian cancer–specific survival. Study Details The study involved...
Quality of Life With Niraparib Maintenance vs Placebo in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Oza et al found that quality of life (QOL) based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) was not worsened with niraparib (Zejula) maintenance vs placebo in the phase III ENGOT-OV16/NOVA trial in women with recurrent ovarian cancer who were in response to...
Quality-of-Life and Patient-Centered Outcomes With Olaparib Maintenance in Relapsed Ovarian Cancer
In the phase III SOLO2 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Friedlander et al found that olaparib maintenance therapy did not worsen health-related quality of life vs placebo in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. In the study, maintenance...
Less Toxicity With Pelvic IMRT vs Standard RT in Cervical and Endometrial Cancers
In the phase III NRG Oncology-RTOG 1203 study, patient-reported gastrointestinal (GI) and urinary toxicities were reduced with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) vs standard radiotherapy (RT) in women with cervical or endometrial cancer. The findings were reported by Klopp et al in the...
Analgesic Use and Risk of Ovarian Cancer
In a study of Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium data reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Trabert et al found that daily aspirin use was associated with a modest reduction in the risk of ovarian cancer. The study included prospective individual-level data from 13 studies in the ...
Long-Term Follow-up of Women With Vaginal and Cervical Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma Associated With DES Exposure
In a letter to the editor of The New England Journal of Medicine, Huo et al described long-term outcomes of women with vaginal and cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma associated with prenatal exposure to the synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES). As noted by the authors, women...
Proportion of Cancer Cell Nuclei With High Chromatin Entropy and Outcome in Gynecologic Cancers
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Nielsen et al found significant associations between higher proportions of cancer cell nuclei with high chromatin entropy (associated with genomic instability) and poorer outcomes in gynecologic cancers. Study Details In the...
Addition of Trastuzumab to Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in HER2-Positive Uterine Serous Carcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fader et al found that the addition of trastuzumab (Herceptin) to carboplatin/paclitaxel improved progression-free survival among women with HER2-overexpressing uterine serous carcinoma. HER2 has been found to be overexpressed in...
Chemoradiotherapy vs Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Surgery in Locally Advanced Squamous Cervical Cancer
In an Indian single-center phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gupta et al found that cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy improved disease-free survival vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical surgery in women with locally advanced squamous cervical cancer. Study Details...
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by de Boer et al, the phase III PORTEC-3 trial has shown no significant improvement in 5-year overall survival with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with high-risk endometrial cancer. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however, was associated...
Prexasertib in Pretreated BRCA Wild-Type High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology by Lee et al, the investigational cell-cycle checkpoint kinase 1 and 2 inhibitor prexasertib produced responses in women with recurrent BRCA wild-type high-grade serous ovarian cancer. In the study, 28 women with measureable disease enrolled...
Potential Effect of Excess Body Weight on Detection of Cervical Precancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Clarke et al found that increasing body mass index (BMI) was associated with lower rates of cervical precancer diagnosis and higher rates of cervical cancer diagnosis. The investigators had hypothesized that increased body mass could decrease ...
